This is a lecture from my CMU graduate course on safety architecture and redundancy patterns.
It describes numerous patterns that involve redundancy used for fault detection (fail silent), redundancy used for availability (fail operational), and redundancy used for integrity (SIL/ASIL) isolation. It also describes combinations such as dual 2-of-2, and high-integrity doer/checker combination.
Lecture slides: https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/ece642/lectures/Xtra_SafetyArchPatterns.pdf
Youtube lecture video: https://youtu.be/QEHr8J-ByLQ
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